Showing posts with label Britons. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Britons. Show all posts

Friday, February 12, 2010

Processing Humor

C.P. Snow was right in 1959 when he talked about the "two cultures"--it's a shame that as fields get more specialized, well-ranging knowledge falls by the wayside. Let it never be said that Spit Takes widened that divide (in fact, we've talked science here before).
So--with that in mind, let's visit an awesome article from earlier this month on the New Scientist site. The Comedy Circuit: When Your Brain Gets the Joke is a brief but in-depth exploration of what researchers learn when applying fMRI scans to people on the receiving end of humor (watching sitcoms, reading cartoons, etc.). 


I won't go in to all their discoveries, because they already have (and it truly is worth your time), but here are some highlights that I appreciated: 
No two brains are the same, however, and how these differences are reflected in our sense of humour is the subject of much research. Men and women, for example, seem to process jokes slightly differently. Although both sexes laugh at roughly the same number of jokes, women show greater activity in the left prefrontal cortex than men (Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol 102, p 16496). "This suggests a greater degree of executive processing and language-based decoding," says Mobbs. As a result, women take significantly longer than men to decide whether they find something funny, though that doesn't seem to spoil their enjoyment of the joke. Indeed, women show a greater response in the limbic system than men, suggesting they feel a greater sense of reward.
How gratifying to see these results talked about in an elevated and fair way, as opposed to some other ridiculous treatments I've seen.
The researchers hope that pinning down the brain processes involved in understanding jokes could shed light on a number of medical conditions. Mobbs, for example, hopes that studying humour will provide insights into depression. "It is believed that the reward system is disrupted in depression and it would be interesting to see if this deficit extends to more complex social processes such as humour," he says.
Samson, meanwhile, hopes it could contribute to our understanding of autism. Previous research has suggested that people with autism have difficulty understanding comedy, but her work shows that they can understand and appreciate certain types of jokes as well as anyone...This could change the way we interact with autistic children, she says.
They make a point of showing that while volunteers with Asperger's had difficulty with processing so-called "theory-of-mind" jokes (those that require empathizing with characters--i.e., when one character doesn't get what the other is talking about), they enjoy visual puns as much as other control groups.  I'm glad there is support for my belief that puns are the most accessible form of comedy, and not the lowest, unless lowest happens to be used as a the fruit-hanging descriptor, for example, puns are low-hanging fruit that everyone can reach, in which case...never mind, I guess I am fine with that verbage.

Monday, March 24, 2008

Wodehouse, Part the Second

You know how it is. You devote an entire blog post to talking about a man, you think he is out of your system...that your life can move forward without him at the center of it, always at the center; maybe you will even find new men to be interested in.

Not so when that man is P.G. Wodehouse. In my various Britishing of the Internet, I've dug up an article that Television's Hugh Laurie wrote for the Daily Telegraph in 1999 about the experience of reading Wodehouse. Since, after all, Laurie is a professional...

Jeeves and Wooster

...I'll let him at it. Gear up for some serious Anglo (note the punctuation OUTSIDE of the quotation marks! Oh-ho, those Britons!). It's long but worth it.*

To be able to write about P. G. Wodehouse is the sort of honour that comes rarely in any man's life, let alone mine. This is rarity of a rare order. Halley's comet seems like a blasted nuisance in comparison.

If you'd knocked on my head 20 years ago and told me that a time would come when I, Hugh Laurie - scraper-through of O-levels, mover of lips (own) while reading, loafer, scrounger, pettifogger and general berk of this parish - would be able to carve my initials in the broad bark of the Master's oak, I'm pretty certain that I would have said "garn", or something like it.

I was, in truth, a horrible child. Not much given to things of a bookery nature, I spent a large part of my youth smoking Number Six and cheating in French vocabulary tests. I wore platform boots with a brass skull and crossbones over the ankle, my hair was disgraceful, and I somehow contrived to pull off the gruesome trick of being both fat and thin at the same time. If you had passed me in the street during those pimply years, I am confident that you would, at the very least, have quickened your pace.

You think I exaggerate? I do not. Glancing over my school reports from the year 1972, I observe that the words "ghastly" and "desperate" feature strongly, while "no", "not", "never" and "again" also crop up more often than one would expect in a random sample. My history teacher's report actually took the form of a postcard from Vancouver.

But this, you will be nauseated to learn, is a tale of redemption. In about my 13th year, it so happened that a copy of Galahad at Blandings by P. G. Wodehouse entered my squalid universe, and things quickly began to change. From the very first sentence of my very first Wodehouse story, life appeared to grow somehow larger. There had always been height, depth, width and time, and in these prosaic dimensions I had hitherto snarled, cursed, and not washed my hair. But now, suddenly, there was Wodehouse, and the discovery seemed to make me gentler every day. By the middle of the fifth chapter I was able to use a knife and fork, and I like to think that I have made reasonable strides since.

I spent the following couple of years meandering happily back and forth through Blandings Castle and its environs - learning how often the trains ran, at what times the post was collected, how one could tell if the Empress was off-colour, why the Emsworth Arms was preferable to the Blue Boar - until the time came for me to roll up the map of adolescence and set forth into my first Jeeves novel. It was The Code of the Woosters, and things, as they used to say, would never be the same again.

The facts in this case, ladies and gentlemen, are simple. The first thing you should know, and probably the last, too, is that P. G. Wodehouse is still the funniest writer ever to have put words on paper. Fact number two: with the Jeeves stories, Wodehouse created the best of the best. I speak as one whose first love was Blandings, and who later took immense pleasure from Psmith, but Jeeves is the jewel, and anyone who tries to tell you different can be shown the door, the mini-cab, the train station, and Terminal 4 at Heathrow with a clear conscience. The world of Jeeves is complete and integral, every bit as structured, layered, ordered, complex and self-contained as King Lear, and considerably funnier.

Now let the pages of the calendar tumble as autumn leaves, until 10 years are understood to have passed. A man came to us - to me and to my comedy partner, Stephen Fry - with a proposition. He asked me if I would like to play Bertram W. Wooster in 23 hours of televised drama, opposite the internationally tall Fry in the role of Jeeves.

"Fiddle," one of us said. I forget which.

"Sticks," said the other. "Wodehouse on television? It's lunacy. A disaster in kit form. Get a grip, man."

The man, a television producer, pressed home his argument with skill and determination.

"All right," he said, shrugging on his coat. "I'll ask someone else."

"Whoa, hold up," said one of us, shooting a startled look at the other.

"Steady," said the other, returning the S. L. with top-spin.

There was a pause.

"You'll never get a cab in this weather," we said, in unison.

And so it was that, a few months later, I found myself slipping into a double-breasted suit in a Prince of Wales check while my colleague made himself at home inside an enormous bowler hat, and the two of us embarked on our separate disciplines. Him for the noiseless opening of decanters, me for the twirling of the whangee.

So the great P. G. was making his presence felt in my life once more. And I soon learnt that I still had much to learn. How to smoke plain cigarettes, how to drive a 1927 Aston Martin, how to mix a Martini with five parts water and one part water (for filming purposes only), how to attach a pair of spats in less than a day and a half, and so on.

But the thing that really worried us, that had us saying "crikey" for weeks on end, was this business of The Words. Let me give you an example. Bertie is leaving in a huff: " 'Tinkerty tonk,' I said, and I meant it to sting." I ask you: how is one to do justice of even the roughest sort to a line like that? How can any human actor, with his clumsily attached ears, and his irritating voice, and his completely misguided hair, hope to deliver a line as pure as that? It cannot be done. You begin with a diamond on the page, and you end up with a blob of Pritt, The Non-Sticky Sticky Stuff, on the screen.

Wodehouse on the page can be taken in the reader's own time; on the screen, the beautiful sentence often seems to whip by, like an attractive member of the opposite sex glimpsed from the back of a cab. You, as the viewer, try desperately to fix the image in your mind - but it is too late, because suddenly you're into a commercial break and someone is telling you how your home may be at risk if you eat the wrong breakast cereal.

Naturally, one hopes there were compensations in watching Wodehouse on the screen - pleasant scenery, amusing clothes, a particular actor's eyebrows - but it can never replicate the experience of reading him. If I may go slightly culinary for a moment: a dish of foie gras nestling on a bed of truffles, with a side-order of lobster and caviar may provide you with a wonderful sensation; but no matter how wonderful, you simply don't want to be spoon-fed the stuff by a perfect stranger. You need to hold the spoon, and decide for yourself when to wolf and when to nibble.

And so I am back to reading, rather than playing Jeeves. And my Wodehousian redemption is, I hope, complete. Indeed, there is nothing left for me to say, except to wish, as I fold away my penknife and gaze up at the huge oak towering overhead, that my history teacher could see me now.

*That's what she said.

Monday, March 10, 2008

Profile: P.G. Wodehouse

As some of my friends know, my mother is a hard-core Wodehouse pusher. She has a collection of used Wodehouse paperbacks specifically for getting people hooked (the first-edition hardback library doesn't leave the house, not even in the hands of immediate family). She keeps a framed picture of Wodehouse and his Dachshunds on the bookshelf in the study, with the rest of the family portraits; a list of all the Wodehouse books she already owns on her iPod nano so she doesn't double-purchase; and she has instructed the Duvall Used Bookstore to call her as soon as they get any Wodehouse in stock.

Once, before she was on the call list, she went to pick up my younger brother Adam from a friend's house in rural Woodinville. As they pulled out of the neighborhood, she felt she just HAD to go to the Duvall Bookstore. In spite of Adam's grumbling, she turned left instead of right and headed to Duvall...she just knew there was a Wodehouse on the shelf for her. She parked right in front of the door, and three minutes later she was back in the car with a $10 first edition. Adam was impressed enough to quit bellyaching, and we haven't doubted her supernatural abilities since.

So what is there to know about Sir Pelham Grenville Wodehouse (or "Plum," as his friends called him)? He lived from 1881-1975 and in that time wrote ninety-six books, fifteen plays, some lyrics for about thirty musicals (like Anything Goes and Show Boat) and various screenplays. In 1939, he was living in France, and didn't bother leaving when the war broke out, as he wasn't very politically savvy. The Germans imprisoned him in 1940; he was interned in Belgium and later in Upper Silesia (now in Poland). His response was "if this is Upper Silesia, one wonders what Lower Silesia must be like..."

Because of his distance from Britain and its wartime experience, Wodehouse didn't entirely grasp the severity and somberness of the national mood. After being released, he recorded a series of radio broadcasts for the Germans about his internment. In retrospect, it is clear that he was just trying to be jolly--the tone is light and pokes fun at the Germans, and reflects the plucky morale of the Brits with whom he had shared his internment time. Goebbels, et al, however, knew Wodehouse's tone and depiction would come across as good P.R. for the Germans, and they played on his naivete.

In a cable to the editor of the "Saturday Evening Post," who had mentioned Wodehouse seemed "callous about England" in his broadcast, Wodehouse responded, "Cannot understand what you meant about callousness. Mine simple, flippant, cheerful attitude of all British prisoners; it was a point of honour with us not to whine." However, there was a huge and wrathful backlash in Britain: he was labeled a spy and a traitor in the press, accused of being a Hitler sympathizer, and the BBC banned all his work. A.A. Milne was one of his major critics, though both George Orwell and Evelyn Waugh came to his defense. Wodehouse was even investigated by MI5, and only in 2006 did they release the files clearing him of any wrongdoing. Wodehouse and his wife Ethel moved to New York after the war, deterred from going home by the seething dislike that was waiting for them, and by the fact that Leonora, Ethel's daughter and Wodehouse's step-daughter, died during surgery in London in 1944. He lived in the United States for the rest of his life.

His most famous characters are, of course, Bertie Wooster and his butler Jeeves, played to my extreme satisfaction by Hugh Laurie and Stephen Fry on the BBC and Masterpiece Theatre, long before both Fry and Laurie began popping up in shows on FOX. The Blandings Castle stories are also popular, about the daffy Lord Emsworth, his family, and his pig the Empress. Mr. Mulliner stories identify the characters not by name but by what they drink (i.e., Hot Scotch and Lemon). There are plenty more, and an overview can be found here. His writing style is wry and clever, rife with puns and bumbled situations, and characters named Freddie Threepwood and Gussie Fink-Nottle. However, he isn't the type to preen--reading his work, you can tell he just delights in being able to tell jokes, and he wants more than anything to make his reader happy. I emphatically encourage you to dabble in some Wodehouse. Carry On, Jeeves, a collection of short stories from 1928, is a wonderful gateway book. Plum (and my mother) just want you to be happy...won't you give in?

In the hope that you might, I'll leave you with some of Wodehouse's best one-offs:

Freddie experienced the sort of abysmal soul-sadness which afflicts one of Tolstoi’s Russian peasants when, after putting in a heavy day’s work strangling his father, beating his wife, and dropping the baby into the city reservoir, he turns to the cupboard, only to find the vodka bottle empty.
Jill the Reckless, 1921


He, too, seemed disinclined for chit-chat. We stood for some moments like a couple of Trappist monks who have run into each other by chance at the dog races.
Jeeves and the Feudal Spirit
, 1954

If not actually disgruntled, he was far from being gruntled.
The Code of the Woosters, 1938


He was in the acute stage of that malady which, for want of a better name, scientists call the heeby jeebies.
Spring Fever
, 1948
And perhaps the best book dedication in literature, from The Heart of a Goof (UK, 1926):

TO
MY DAUGHTER
LEONORA
WITHOUT WHOSE NEVER-FAILING
SYMPATHY AND ENCOURAGEMENT
THIS BOOK
WOULD HAVE BEEN FINISHED
IN
HALF THE TIME